Keep Your Animals Warm This Winter: 10 Cold Weather Pet Safety Tips

Winter is here, and it’s bringing more than just snow! As temperatures drop across the Niagara Region and much of Canada, pet owners need to be aware of the new risks that cold weather presents. While we can layer up in puffer jackets and enjoy hot drinks, our pets depend on us to shield them from the winter chill. Whether you have a dog that loves playing in the snow or a cat that prefers the indoors, all pets face challenges during the colder months. By following these cold weather pet safety tips, you can help keep your furry friends comfortable, safe and happy all season long.

1. Know Your Pet’s Limits

 Not all pets handle winter the same way. Just like people, some pets love the cold while others find it difficult. As such, it’s important to understand your pet’s breed, age and health. For example, short-haired dogs like Greyhounds and Chihuahuas feel the cold much more than thick-coated breeds like Huskies or Malamutes. Similarly, younger or senior pets often struggle to regulate their body temperature, making them more vulnerable to cold weather. Pets with conditions like arthritis or heart disease also need special attention, as cold air can worsen joint pain or add stress to their bodies. By considering these factors, you can decide how long your pet should stay outside and whether extra precautions, like pet-safe clothing, are needed.

2. Dress for Winter Success 

Winter coats, sweaters and booties aren’t just cute accessories – they’re essential for keeping pets warm in freezing conditions. For cats with short hair or dogs sensitive to the cold, pet-safe winter gear can make outdoor time more comfortable. A well-fitted jacket can provide much-needed warmth during walks, especially if it has a waterproof layer to protect your dog in the snow and an insulated inner lining to retain heat. Your dog’s paws are particularly vulnerable to snow, ice and salt on the ground. Booties are great for protecting their paws and keeping them warm – if you can get them on. Make sure the booties fit snugly but still allow your dog to walk comfortably. If your dog doesn’t tolerate booties, paw balm can serve as a protective barrier between their paws and the cold ground.

3. Limit Outdoor Time

While many dogs love playing in the snow, it’s essential to keep an eye on how much time they spend outdoors. Cold temperatures and wind chill can take a toll on pets faster than you might think. Even breeds suited for cold weather need regular breaks to warm up indoors. Here are some tips for safely monitoring your pet’s outdoor time:

• Set a Timer: When temperatures drop below freezing, limit outdoor play to 10-15 minutes. Set a timer to remind yourself when it’s time to bring your pet inside. Even if your dog seems happy in the snow, don’t take chances by leaving them out too long.
• Watch for Warming Signs: Pay attention to signs that your pet is getting too cold, such as shivering, slowing down or lifting their paws (which could indicate the ground is too cold). If your dog seems hesitant to move or looks uncomfortable, it’s time to bring them indoors.
• Wind Chill Matters: Don’t just focus on the temperature - wind chill can make it feel much colder. Wind can cut through your dog’s fur and cause them to lose body heat more quickly, especially if they have short or thin coats.

4. Protect Your Pet’s Paws 

During the winter months, icy sidewalks and roads treated with salt and de-icers can seriously harm your pet’s paws. These substances can cause irritation, cracking and even toxic reactions if your pet licks their paws. Here are some tips to keep your pet’s paws safe:

• Choose Pet-Friendly De-Icing Products: While you can’t control what others use on the sidewalk, you can opt for pet-friendly, non-corrosive de-icers on your own pavement. These products are readily available at local stores and are safer for your pets.
• Post-Walk Check: After every walk, inspect your pet’s paws for any signs of irritation or injury. Always wipe their paws with a damp cloth to remove any salt or chemicals they may have picked up. Keeping a towel by the door can make it easier to clean their paws as soon as you come in.
• Prioritize Paw Protection: Consider using booties or paw wax to shield your dog’s feet from harsh winter conditions. After walks, check for any snow or ice buildup between their toes, as this can create painful ice balls.
• Moisturize with Paw Balm: Applying a moisturizing balm designed for pets before walks can help keep your dog’s paw pads soft and prevent cracking. It also creates a barrier against salt and cold surfaces.

5. Be on the Lookout for Signs of Hypothermia and Frostbite 

Hypothermia and frostbite are serious risks for pets during cold weather. Even though many dogs have fur coats, not all are thick enough to keep them warm. Both cats and dogs are especially vulnerable to frostbite on the tips of their ears, tails and paws. Signs of hypothermia include prolonged shivering, pale or grey gums, weakness, muscle stiffness, difficulty walking and confusion. Frostbite, which can take several days to develop, may appear as pale, grey, or bluish skin, blisters or skin ulcers, and areas of blackened or dead skin, along with pain and swelling in the affected areas. If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to warm your pet gradually using blankets or warm (not hot) water bottles and seek immediate veterinary care. The best way to address hypothermia and frostbite is to prevent them from occurring in the first place. Always keep an eye on your pet’s comfort and safety in cold weather, and when in doubt, it’s better to err on the side of caution.

6. Be Cautious of Cats Under Cars and Poisonous Winter Chemicals 

When temperatures drop during winter, outdoor and feral cats often seek warm places to escape the cold. One of the most tempting yet dangerous spots for them is under the hood of a warm car engine. Cats can easily slip into these spaces, and if the car is started before they have a chance to get out, they can suffer serious injuries or even die. To protect both your feline friends and neighbourhood strays, it’s important to take a few precautions before starting your vehicle in the winter. Before turning the key, take a moment to tap or lightly thump the hood of your car. This gives any hidden four-legged friends a chance to escape. You can also honk your horn, wait a few moments for any signs of movement, and check underneath your car for cats that might be hiding. Another winter hazard to watch out for is antifreeze. Most antifreeze contains ethylene glycol, which is highly toxic to pets and wildlife. Just a teaspoon can lead to kidney failure in dogs and cats. If you suspect that your pet has ingested antifreeze, it’s essential that you get them to a vet immediately. Even if you store antifreeze safely, be aware of the residue that may be present on streets and sidewalks. Antifreeze is typically green but can come in various colours, so keep an eye on where your pets are sniffing.

7. Provide a Warm Shelter 

While the Humane Society of Greater Niagara discourages keeping animals outside permanently, it recognizes that some pets may be housed this way. If your pets must live outdoors, it’s essential to ensure they have access to a warm, dry shelter. The shelter should be insulated and free from drafts, providing enough space for your pet to sit and lie down comfortably while being small enough to retain their body heat. It’s also essential to ensure your pet has access to clean drinking water that won’t freeze over. For pets that primarily stay indoors, you should create a cozy spot away from drafts using blankets and cushions. If you have a senior dog or one that tends to feel cold, consider investing in a heated dog bed specifically designed for pets, complete with an auto shut-off feature. Heating pads made for dogs can also provide extra warmth and comfort during the colder months.

8. Make Indoor Playtime Fun 

While exercise is essential all year long, you may need to modify how and when you exercise your pet during the winter months. When it’s too cold for extended outdoor activities, consider engaging your pets with indoor games like fetch, hide-and-seek, or stair ball toss to keep them active. Additionally, interactive toys, such as food puzzles, can offer both mental and physical stimulation for your cats and dogs. With more time spent indoors, you can also take the opportunity to teach your pets new tricks. Always use positive reinforcement and reward-based training methods to encourage your pets as they learn. This not only keeps them fit but also strengthens your bond with them. Adapting your exercise routine to the winter conditions can help ensure your pets stay healthy and happy during the colder months.

9. Limit Baths and Keep Skin Healthy 

During winter, the combination of cold air and indoor heating can lead to dry skin for your pet. Regular baths, while important for cleanliness, can strip their skin of natural oils and worsen dryness. To minimize this effect, try to limit baths during the winter months. When bathing is necessary, opt for a moisturizing pet shampoo and follow it with a conditioner to help retain moisture. Always ensure your pet is completely dry before taking them outside, as wet fur in cold weather is a recipe for disaster. Regular brushing is beneficial, too, as it stimulates oil production and helps prevent matting, especially in long-haired breeds. It also aids in distributing your pet’s natural oils throughout its coat, keeping it shiny and healthy. If your pet develops very dry or irritated skin, consider consulting your veterinarian about a pet-safe moisturizer or omega-3 supplements to improve their skin health. To further prevent itchy, flaky skin, maintaining humidity in your home can be effective.

10. Plan Winter Walks Wisely 

Although winter may make outdoor walks less inviting, exercise remains a crucial part of your pet’s health. With a bit of planning and some precautions, you can ensure that walks are both safe and enjoyable. Aim to take your dog for walks during the warmest part of the day, typically around midday when the sun is at its highest. If the temperature drops significantly, consider shortening the length of your walks. You can make up for less outdoor time by increasing indoor play and keeping your pet active and engaged. Always pay attention to your pet’s body language – if they appear uncomfortable, it’s best to head indoors. Additionally, be cautious about walking on icy surfaces, as ice can pose a serious risk, especially for older dogs who are more prone to slipping and injuring themselves. Stick to clear, dry paths or areas treated with pet-safe de-icers to help keep your walks safe.

Protect Your Pets This Winter With HSGN 

By following these cold weather pet safety tips, you can help make winter a safe and enjoyable season for your pets. Protecting your dog in the snow, monitoring their health and keeping them warm indoors are all essential steps for keeping your pet safe during the winter months. While the season presents its own challenges, with a little extra care, your pet can enjoy the season just as much as you do. Always remember to prioritize your pet’s well-being during the winter. If you have questions or need further support in caring for your pets during this time, don’t hesitate to reach out to HSGN for advice and resources.